Sear the chicken. Pat the chicken dry and season each side with salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning. In a large pot or Dutch oven, heat 1 tablespoon of olive oil over medium heat. Sear the chicken until a golden crust develops, about 3-4 minutes per side, then transfer to a plate. (The chicken will not be fully cooked but will finish cooking in the soup).
Saute the vegetables and bloom the aromatics. Add another tablespoon of oil or butter to the Dutch. Stir in the chopped onions, celery, and carrots, cooking for 5 minutes until softened. Then, add the minced garlic, fresh thyme, rosemary, sage, 1½ teaspoons of salt, and ½ teaspoon of black pepper. Continue cooking for another 2-3 minutes, allowing the herbs to bloom and become fragrant in the hot oil.
Deglaze the pot and add the broth. Pour in the white wine to deglaze the pot and reduce the wine until syrupy, about 30 seconds. Pour in the chicken broth and bring the pot to a boil over high heat, then reduce to a simmer.
Stir in the remaining ingredients. Add the potatoes, seared chicken thighs, bay leaves, and Parmesan rind to the pot. Cover the pot and cook for 20 minutes, until the chicken is cooked through. Use an instant-read thermometer to see if the chicken has reached 165°F.
Shred the chicken and add the lemon juice. With tongs, remove the parmesan rind if desired (we leave it in) and the bay leaves. Then remove the chicken thighs to a cutting board and gently shred the chicken with two forks. Place the shredded chicken back into the pot. Freshly squeeze the juice of half a lemon, and turn off the heat. Garnish each bowl of soup with fresh parsley and grated Parmesan.